Model 464 High Resistance Standards
The Avro Model 464 Series of high value resistance standards provide high accuracy working standards. They are available in values from 1G Ohm to 100 T Ohms.
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These resistance standards are based on a National Institute of Standards and Technology (N.I.S.T.) design and represent an improvement over previous designs in terms of stability and temperature coefficients. The Model 464 High Value Resistance Standards feature a rugged outer enclosure that houses an inner hermetically sealed canister that contains the actual resistance element. The inner canister is composed of a metal-insulator-metal sealed enclosure, and shock mounted in the rugged outer enclosure to minimize mechanical stress. These standards also feature an internal thermistor to enable the user to monitor the internal temperature during resistance measurements.
Standard N-type-terminal connectors with a center pin conductor are mounted using a PTFE isolation plate on the top of the Model 464 to enable a connection between the resistance standard and the measurement instrument. An insulated 5-way binding post is mounted to the outer enclosure, and is connected to the metal cap on the inner canister, for the purpose of driving the HI side of the metal cap at guard voltage during measurements. Another 5-way binding post is provided to allow a ground connection to the case of the standard to minimize noise from external sources. A separate two-pin connector is provided to connect the internal thermistor to an external instrument that is capable of reading a thermistor, as well as a case-grounding terminal is also provided.
The rugged outer enclosure makes these resistance standards easily transportable for on-site calibration work in addition to laboratory calibrations. The elements of these standards are carefully shock-mounted in their housing to prevent changes caused by mechanical shock and vibration during transportation. In addition, the housing is hermetically sealed to prevent the ingress of moisture and humidity.
| Nominal Value (Ohms) | Nominal Tolerance (± ppm) | Absolute Accuracy * (± ppm) | Stability (6 month, ± ppm) | Stability (1 yr., ± ppm) | Voltage Co-eff. (± ppm/Volt) | Temp. Co-eff. (± ppm/°C) | Maximum Voltage (Volts) |
| 1G | 100 | 50 | 20 | 25 | 1 | 25 | 1000 |
| 10G | 1000 | 200 | 40 | 50 | 5 | 25 | 1000 |
| 100G | 1000 | 500 | 150 | 200 | 5 | 50 | 1000 |
| 1T | 1000 | 1000 | 200 | 250 | 5 | 200 | 1000 |
| 10T | 2500 | 2500 | 300 | 500 | 10 | 300 | 1000 |
| 100T | 3000 | 3000 | 1000 | 1500 | 200 | 500 | 1000 |
An oil or air bath is not required for these standards due to their excellent temperature stability. However, it should be noted that an air bath would enhance their performance, as this will make them less susceptible to fluctuations in environmental changes.
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